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    • 专利摘要:
    MIXING DEVICE FOR FURTHER TREATMENT OF DISCHARGE GASES. The invention relates to a mixing device (2) for further treatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas equipment of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing (4) with an inlet opening (24) having a section inlet transverse and an inner tube (6) disposed inside the housing (4) with a mixing region (8) executed inside the inner tube (6), with an installation on a front side of the housing (4). (10) for adduction of a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture (14), and the inner tube (6) then presents in its lateral area (16) access openings (18), through which the exhaust gases can be led into the mixing region (8), the housing (4) having a housing segment (22) in spiral shape, the housing segment (22) in spiral shape it extends at least along all access openings (18). Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for mixing discharge gas with a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture using the aforementioned mixing device (2).
    公开号:BR102013018004B1
    申请号:R102013018004-1
    申请日:2013-07-15
    公开日:2021-05-04
    发明作者:Herbert Albert
    申请人:Man Truck & Bus Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The invention relates to a mixing device for further treatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas equipment of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with an inlet opening having an inlet cross section and an inner tube disposed inside the housing with a mixing region executed inside the inner tube, and on a front side of the housing there is arranged a dosing installation for adduction of a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture. The inner tube then has access openings in its lateral area, through which the exhaust gases can be led into the mixing region. The invention further relates to a process for mixing a discharge gas with a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture using such a mixing device.
    [002] The use of a hydrolysis catalyst for the reduction of nitric oxides in an exhaust gas stream especially from an automotive vehicle is generally known. In the context of selective catalytic reduction (SCR), carried out, for example, with an SCR catalyst, a substance with a directly reducing action, such as ammonia or a pre-product, such as a solution of aqueous urea, which releases reducing substances only into the off-gas. Usually, the pre-product is then injected into the off-gas stream before the SCR catalyst.
    [003] In addition, to minimize the ejection of very fine solid particles in a motor vehicle, a so-called particle filter is generally used. The exhaust gas then usually flows through the filter medium. "Clogging" of the particulate filter can then occur and therefore an increase in the back pressure of the exhaust gas. This, in turn, has a negative effect on engine performance and the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, as a rule, a regeneration of the particulate filter is carried out, which is carried out in particular by actively increasing the flue gas temperature of a flue gas stream, which is then fed to the particulate filter. Usually, then, for heating the exhaust gas stream upstream of the particulate filter, hydrocarbons are added to the exhaust gas stream. This mixture is then adducted to an HC oxidation catalyst, whose active component produces with the hydrocarbons by exothermic reaction a stream of heated discharge gas. This hot discharge gas stream flows to the particulate filter, where carbon black particles containing carbon, deposited in the particulate filter, are converted to CO, CO2, N2 and NO, with which the particulate filter is regenerated .
    [004] The substance present in a liquid state, as a rule, to be respectively introduced into the discharge gas, is usually injected by a nozzle of a metering device into the discharge gas flow. In order to obtain as high a degree of efficiency as possible, an even distribution of the liquid introduced into the discharge gas is therefore of essential importance.
    [005] A mixing device of the type mentioned at the beginning is described, for example, in DE 42 03 807 A1. There, an arrangement performed as a device for further treatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas equipment of an internal combustion engine is presented, which allows for a mixture of exhaust gases with a urea solution before entering a catalytic converter. hydrolysis. For this purpose, a conductive plate is arranged in a housing, configured as an inner tube. The conductive plate presents as access openings in a mixing region executed inside the conductive plate a plurality of perforations. In the housing, on the front side, a dosing installation is arranged as a pressure spray nozzle, through which a urea solution is jetted to the mixing region. Discharge gas is introduced through an inlet opening in the housing and flows through the perforations of the conductive plate to the mixing region, where the discharge gas is mixed with the jet. But the disadvantage here is that on an introduced jet, seen in a peripheral direction, by the discharge gas introduced by the perforations, forces of different intensity act, which leads to a deviation and, therefore, to an asymmetrical jet diffusion. Thus, the jet is not homogeneously mixed with the urea.
    [006] The invention has as its first objective to provide a mixing device that ensures a mixture as homogeneous as possible of a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture with the discharge gas independently or only under a small influence of a flow of influent discharge gas volume. Furthermore, the invention has as a second objective to provide a process for mixing as homogeneously as possible a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture with the discharge gas.
    [007] This first objective is achieved by a mixing device for further treatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas equipment of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with an inlet opening having an inlet cross section and an inner tube disposed inside the housing with a mixing region executed inside the inner tube, and on a front side of the housing there is a dosing installation for adduction of a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture, and being that the inner tube then has access openings in its lateral area, through which the exhaust gases can be led into the mixing region. The housing then has a spiral-shaped housing segment, the spiral-shaped housing segment extending at least along all access openings of the inner tube.
    [008] The invention then starts, in a first step, from the consideration that for a homogeneous mixture of the introduced liquid, especially in the form of a jet and/or the liquid-gas mixture introduced with the discharge gas, a homogeneous mixture is required. jet diffusion in the mixing region. In a second step, the invention starts from the consideration that, for a homogeneous jet diffusion, uniform current forces in the peripheral direction around the central main current axis of the jet must prevail over it. In other words, there must be uniform current and pressure conditions in the peripheral direction. Therefore, the invention provides that the housing has a spiral-shaped housing segment, which extends at least along all the access openings of the inner tube. Due to the spiral shape, it is guaranteed that in the lateral area located externally along the segment provided with access openings of the inner tube, approximately equal current and pressure conditions prevail, so that, especially seen in the peripheral direction, there is a uniform adduction of the discharge gas through the mixing region access openings and symmetrical flow conditions in rotation can form in the mixing region.
    [009] The housing inlet opening serves, in particular, for the adduction of discharge gas to the housing. The inner tube has as its base body especially an elongated hollow body with a round, oval, rectangular or polygonal circular cross section. Inside the inner tube is formed the mixing region, in which the discharge gas is mixed with liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture supplied by the dosing plant. The liquid especially contains urea and/or hydrocarbon.
    [010] The spiral-shaped housing segment especially conducts the exhaust gas flowing through the inlet opening to the inner tube and in a peripheral direction along the inner tube. Due to the spiral shape, a reduction in volume between the lateral area of the inner tube and the housing wall occurs in this housing segment in the peripheral direction and a flow of discharge gas passing through the spiral-shaped housing segment is given a certain rotation. due to the spiral shape. This spiral-shaped housing segment then extends at least along all the access openings, i.e. all the inner tube access openings are disposed within this housing segment.
    [011] The invention has the advantage that a mixing device is provided, which guarantees a mixture as homogeneous as possible of a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture with the discharge gas or only under a small influence of the flow flow meter of inflowing gas. By the spiral-shaped housing segment extending along the access openings, approximately equal current and pressure conditions are adjusted in the externally situated lateral area, so that, especially seen in the peripheral direction, there is a uniform adduction of the discharge gas by the access openings to the mixing region and in the mixing region can establish symmetrical flow conditions in rotation. A discharge gas flowing into the housing from the axial direction, which flows within the housing axially to the axial end opposite the metering installation, can accumulate at least partially in this extreme region of the housing, with which the volumetric flow of gas from discharge through the access openings, which are found in this region, would be greater than the volumetric flow of the discharge gas flowing through the access openings of a region closer to the dosing facility. In order, nevertheless, to obtain as much equal volumetric discharge gas flows as possible, advantageously a passage cross section formed by the access openings decreases towards the axial end of the inner tube opposite the metering installation. The through cross-section is then the cross-sectional area, which is available for the off-gas due to access openings for entry into the mixing region. This cross section of passage can continuously decrease, for example, towards the end opposite the metering installation. The passage cross section can, however, also partially decrease, for example, towards the end opposite the dosing installation. In other words, the through cross section in a region close to the dosing facility is larger than the through cross section in a region further away from the dosing facility. The different regions are essentially equal in size to each other. A region is formed by a defined peripheral area of the inner tube, and this peripheral area results from the sum of the area of the plenum material and the transversal area of the access openings. That is, the ratio of the area of the plenum to the cross-sectional area of the access openings in a region close to the dosing facility is smaller than the ratio of the area of the plenum to the cross-sectional area of the access openings in a region further away from the dosing facility.
    [012] To achieve a reduction in the passage cross section, the number of access openings conveniently decreases for the axial end of the inner tube opposite the dosing installation at least partially. Thus, in a relatively simple way, the reduction of the cross-section formed by the access openings towards the end of the inner tube opposite the metering installation can be carried out. This, especially with an exhaust gas flowing into the axial direction housing, makes it possible for the exhaust gas flowing into the inner tube to flow as homogeneously as possible into the mixing region along the entire segment of the inner tube provided with access openings. For this purpose, the distance between two neighboring access openings increases in an axial direction and/or in a peripheral direction towards the axial end of the inner tube opposite the metering installation. The number of access openings can then continuously decrease towards the end opposite the dosing facility. The number of access openings can, however, also partially decrease towards the end opposite the dosing installation. In other words, the number of access openings in a region distant from the dosing facility is less than the number of access openings in a region closer to the dosing facility.
    [013] In order to obtain a reduction in the passage cross-section, advantageously the cross-sectional area of the access openings decreases at least partially towards the axial end opposite the metering installation. The cross-sectional area of the different access openings can then continuously decrease towards the end opposite the metering installation. The cross-sectional area of the different access openings can, however, also partially decrease towards the end opposite the metering installation. This means that the cross-sectional area of the different access openings in a region distant from the dosing facility is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the different access openings in a region closer to the dosing facility.
    [014] In an advantageous embodiment, a discharge gas inlet tube extends at least partially into the housing, the longitudinal centerline of the exhaust gas inlet tube and the longitudinal centerline of the inner tube they are aligned essentially parallel to each other. By this off-gas inlet the off-gas can be fed specifically to a particular region within the housing. The exhaust gas inlet tube then extends through the opening and inlet to the housing, i.e. the exhaust gas inlet tube is led through the inlet opening in the housing. The discharge gas inlet pipe is specially designed in a circular cylindrical or cone-shaped shape. With a round circular inlet opening, the outer diameter of the discharge gas inlet tube in the region of the inlet opening essentially corresponds to the diameter of the inlet opening.
    [015] Advantageously, the exhaust gas inlet tube extends within the housing at least along the spiral-shaped housing segment, the exhaust gas inlet tube having outlet openings in the peripheral area extending along the spiral-shaped housing segment. Through these outlet openings, a flue gas flow led to the exhaust gas inlet tube can flow especially into the spiral-shaped housing segment. The outlet openings are arranged in particular on the periphery in the peripheral area of the discharge gas inlet tube and have, for example, a geometry in the shape of a circle or a slit. Thus also a flue gas flow adducted from an axial direction to the exhaust gas inlet tube when exiting the exhaust gas inlet tube through the outlet openings can be "bypassed" in a radial direction or can be diverted to it. conferred at least one radial velocity component. This also contributes to the flue gas flowing as homogeneously as possible into the spiral-shaped housing segment along the entire segment of the discharge gas inlet tube provided with outlet openings.
    [016] As the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas inlet tube may accumulate at least partially at the axial end of the exhaust gas inlet tube opposite the outlet opening and, with it, the volumetric flow of discharge gas from the outlet openings, which are in that region, may be greater than the volumetric flow of discharge gas from the outlet openings of a region closer to the inlet opening preferably at least partially decreases the number of openings outlet towards the axial end of the discharge gas inlet pipe opposite the inlet opening. This achieves that the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas inlet tube of the entire segment of the exhaust gas inlet tube provided with outlet openings flows as homogeneously as possible into the shaped housing segment of spiral. To do this, it increases the distance of two neighboring outlet openings in an axial direction and/or in a peripheral direction to the axial end of the discharge gas inlet tube opposite the inlet opening. The number of outlet openings can then continuously decrease towards the end opposite the inlet opening. The number of outlet openings can, however, also partially decrease towards the end opposite the inlet opening. In other words, the outlet openings in a dosing facility region is less than the number of access openings in a region closer to the dosing facility. The different regions are then essentially of equal dimension to each other. A region is formed by a defined peripheral area of the discharge gas inlet tube, this peripheral area resulting from the sum of the area of the plenum material and the cross-sectional area of the outlet openings. This means that the ratio of the area of the plenum to the cross-sectional area of the outlet openings in a region close to the dosing facility is smaller than the ratio of the area of the plenum to the cross-sectional area of the outlet openings. outlet in a region farther away from the dosing facility.
    [017] Alternatively and cumulatively with the reduction in the number of outlet openings, preferably continuously decreases the cross-sectional area of the different outlet openings towards the end opposite the dosing installation. The cross-sectional area of the different outlet openings can, however, also partially decrease towards the end opposite the metering installation. This means that the cross-sectional area of the different outlet openings in a region away from the dosing plant is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the different outlet openings in a region closer to the dosing plant.
    [018] Conveniently, the inner tube is executed in circular cylinder shape or cone shape. These forms, depending on the dosing installation used and the diffusion of the liquid and/or the associated liquid-gas mixture, also have a positive effect on a homogeneous diffusion of the liquid and/or the liquid-gas mixture in the region of Mix. With a cone-shaped inner tube, the inner tube diameter widens towards the end opposite the metering installation.
    [019] The access openings are advantageously provided with elements conducting discharge gas, which protrude from the main extension of the lateral area. These discharge gas-conducting elements, in particular, on the one hand, serve to conduct a current of the flue gas and, on the other hand, prevent the liquid and/or the liquid-gas mixture from escaping from the mixing region. In addition, the partial flows of exhaust gas flowing through the access openings are given rotation by the exhaust gas conducting elements and/or reinforced the rotational movement produced by the spiral-shaped housing segment. The geometry of the discharge gas conducting elements must be selected adjusted to the respective individual case and, for example, depending on the diffusion characteristic of the introduced liquid and/or the liquid-gas mixture introduced in the mixing region as well as in the volumetric flows of discharge gas that occur.
    [020] The discharge gas conducting elements then conveniently extend at least to the mixing region. Beside this, however, in an access opening it can also additionally be provided a discharge gas conducting element, which extends in the intermediate space between the lateral area of the inner tube and the housing wall. Preferably, the exhaust gas conducting element is so formed or both exhaust gas conducting elements are so formed that, viewed from the longitudinal central axis of the inner tube, they "seal" the access opening radially outwards. ; that is, an (imaginary) jet starting from the central longitudinal axis and radially outwardly perpendicular thereto can pass as far as possible through the access opening.
    [021] Advantageously, the discharging gas conducting elements are made in one piece in the lateral area of the inner tube. This allows for simple and cost-effective manufacturing.
    [022] In an advantageous embodiment, the projection of an opening axis of the discharge gas conducting element in a central longitudinal plane of the inner tube, extending through the access opening of the discharge gas conducting element, forms with the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube an inclination angle of 5° to 90°, preferably 30° to 50°, especially preferably 35° to 40°. With an inclination of the discharge gas-conducting elements at this angle, in particular, the exit of the liquid and/or the liquid-gas mixture from the mixing region can be prevented particularly effectively. The central longitudinal plane then extends, on one side, through the center point of the respective access opening and, on the other, through the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube and along this central longitudinal axis. In other words, the angle of inclination is the angle around which the discharge gas conducting element projects from the base lateral area of the inner tube, therefore the lateral area without taking the discharge gas conducting elements into account.
    [023] Conveniently, an opening axis of the discharge gas conducting element forms with a central longitudinal plane extending through the access opening of the venting gas conducting element of the inner tube an alignment angle of 0 o to 90 o, of preferably from 10° to 90°, particularly preferably from 20° to 90°. The central longitudinal plane then extends, on one side, through the center point of the respective access opening and, on the other, through the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube and along this central longitudinal axis. In other words, the alignment angle indicates the angle at which the access opening is “twisted” out of an aligned course towards the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube. With an alignment of the exhaust gas conducting elements at an alignment angle of less than 90°, the exhaust gas conducting elements produce a partial deviation of the partial flue gas flow towards the main injection direction. Thus, it is especially achieved that the exhaust gas inflowing from the spiral-shaped housing segment is diverted by the access openings and by the exhaust gas conducting elements arranged therein in partial flue gas flows, which have a certain velocity component if extending in the main injection direction of the dosing facility, which in turn contributes to a homogeneous mixing of liquid and/or mixture and liquid-gas with the discharge gas.
    [024] In a convenient embodiment, the metering installation is arranged coaxial to the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube. Thus, a dosing centered on the mixing region is made possible, which also has a positive effect on the uniform diffusion of the liquid and/or liquid-gas and, therefore, on the homogeneous mixing with the discharge gas.
    [025] Advantageously, the cross section of passage formed by the access openings corresponds to 80% to 300% of the cross section of the inlet of the inlet opening, preferably 90% to 250%. This ratio of inlet cross section to through cross section also has a positive effect on the homogeneous inflow of the flue gas into the mixing region.
    [026] Preferably, the lateral area of the inner tube has, in addition to the access openings, especially in the region of an axial end of the spiral-shaped housing segment, an at least partially continuous annular slit, which serves as a type of "bypass" for the discharge gas. In the region of the annular slit a conductive element can then optionally be arranged, which produces a deflection of a partial flow of discharge gas flowing through the annular slit at least partially towards the main injection direction of the metering installation.
    [027] Preferably, the inner tube is arranged in the spiral-shaped housing segment in such a way that in a peripheral direction between the inner tube and the housing wall a distance is always formed depending on the course of the spiral shape. Thus, between the inner tube and the housing wall, viewed in a peripheral direction, there is always an intermediate space and there is no "dead end" in which the discharge gas entering would accumulate. This further contributes positively to a homogeneous current flow through the spiral-shaped housing segment.
    [028] The second objective is achieved by a process for mixing a discharge gas with a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture using a previously described mixing device.
    [029] With this process, it is possible to mix as homogeneously as possible a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture with the discharge gas independently or with only a small influence of the volumetric flow of the discharge gas. Due to the fact that the exhaust gas flows through a spiral-shaped housing segment, extending along the access openings of the inner tube, in the lateral area located outside the inner tube, current and pressure conditions are adjusted to approximately equal , so that, especially viewed in the peripheral direction, a uniform access of the discharge gas occurs through the access openings in the mixing region, and symmetrical flow conditions in rotation can be formed in the mixing region.
    [030] Examples of implementation of the invention will be explained in detail below based on a drawing. In it show:
    [031] Fig. 1 - in a schematic representation, a mixing device,
    [032] Fig. 2 - in a representation in schematic longitudinal section according to cutting line A-A, the mixing device of fig. 1,
    [033] Fig. 3 - in a schematic cross-sectional representation according to cut line B-B, the mixing device of fig. two,
    [034] Fig. 4 - in a schematic representation, a spiral-shaped housing segment of an alternative embodiment,
    [035] Fig. 5 - in a schematic representation, an inner tube in another form of execution,
    [036] Fig. 6 - in a representation in longitudinal and schematic section according to line E-E, an enlarged cutout of the inner tube of fig. 5,
    [037] Fig. 7 - in a schematic longitudinal sectional representation, various forms of execution of an element conducting discharge gas,
    [038] Fig. 8 - in a schematic longitudinal section representation, a mixing device in an alternative embodiment,
    [039] Figures 9 to - 9c - in schematic longitudinal sectional representations of an enlarged cutout C, various forms of execution of a conductive element and an inner tube of fig. 8.
    [040] In fig. 1, in a schematic representation, there is shown a mixing device 2 for the further treatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas equipment of an internal combustion engine 15. The mixing device 2 is preconnected to a catalyst SCR in hydraulic technique. The mixing device 2 comprises a housing 4 and an inner tube 6 in the form of a circular cylinder, disposed inside the housing 4. Inside the inner tube 6 a mixing region 8 is made.
    [041] Fig. 2 shows the mixing device 2 of fig. 1. In turn, the inner tube 6 arranged in the housing 4 can then be identified with the mixing region 8 executed inside it. Coaxially to the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube 6, a metering installation 10 is arranged on a front side of the housing 4. The metering installation 10 serves for the supply of a liquid-gas mixture to the mixing region 8 through a nozzle 12 at form of a jet 14. The liquid is then a solution of urea.
    [042] The inner tube 6 has in its side area 16 access openings 18, through which exhaust gases can be led to the mixing region 8. The access openings 18 are provided with exhaust gas conducting elements 20, which protrude from the main extension of the lateral area 16. These discharge gas conducting elements 20, especially, on the one hand, serve for the current conduction of the flue gas and, on the other hand, prevent the exit of the jet 14 from the mixing region. 8. The discharge gas conducting elements 10 are then made in one piece in the lateral area 16 of the inner tube 6, which enables simple and low-cost manufacturing.
    [043] The number of access openings 18 then continuously decreases towards the axial end, opposite the metering installation 10, of the inner tube 6. For this purpose, the distance of two neighboring access openings 18 increases in the axial direction and in peripheral direction in the axial direction, opposite the dosing arrangement 10, of the inner tube 6. Thus, a reduction in the cross-section of passage formed by the access openings 18 towards the axial end 10, opposite the dosing installation 10, of the inner tube 6. In fig. 2 it can be further identified that the access openings 18 are "twisted outwards" in a course aligned towards the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube 6.
    [044] Furthermore, the housing 4 comprises a spiral-shaped housing segment 20, which extends along all access openings 18 of the inner tube 6; that is, all access openings 18 of the inner tube 6 are disposed within that spirally shaped housing segment 20.
    [045] A discharge gas inlet tube 26, executed in the form of a circular cylinder, extends into the housing 4 through an inlet opening 24. In other words, the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 is guided by the inlet opening 24 into the housing 4. For this purpose, the outer diameter of the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 essentially corresponds to the diameter of the opening. inlet 24. The longitudinal centerline of the exhaust gas inlet tube 16 and the longitudinal centerline of the inner tube 6 are aligned parallel to each other and the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 extends axially along the entire segment of housing 22 in the form of a spiral. Along the spiral-shaped housing segment 22, the discharge gas inlet tube 26 also has outlet openings 28. The outlet openings 28 are arranged in full periphery in the peripheral area 30 of the exhaust gas inlet tube. discharge 26 and have a circle-shaped geometry.
    [046] In operation, an inflow of exhaust gas 32 adducted to mixing device 2 initially flows through the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 towards the housing 4 and then flows through the outlet openings 28 into the housing segment 22 in the form of a spiral. The exhaust gas inflow 32 is therefore "bypassed" when exiting the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 through the outlet opening 28 from an axial direction to a radial direction or at least one velocity component is imparted to it. Furthermore, the inflow of exhaust gas 32 along the entire segment of the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 provided with outlet openings is supplied relatively homogeneously to the spiral-shaped housing segment 22.
    [047] Due to the fact that the spiral-shaped housing segment 22 extends along all outlet openings 28 and especially along all access openings 18, it is ensured that in the lateral area 16 of the inner tube 6, along the segment provided with access openings 18, conditions of approximately equal current and pressure prevail. Thus, seen especially in the peripheral direction, there is a uniform adduction of partial flue gas flows through the access openings 18 to the mixing region 8 and symmetrical flow conditions in rotation can be formed in the mixing region. Thus, the jet 14 can diffuse homogeneously in the mixing region 8, as especially in a peripheral direction around the main stream axis of the jet 14, which in this arrangement essentially corresponds to the longitudinal central axis of the inner tube 6, there are current and approximately uniform pressure. This provides for a homogeneous mixing of the jet 14 with the exhaust gas supplied by the access openings 18 in the form of partial flue gas streams. As the exhaust gas inflow 32 flowing from the axial direction to the exhaust gas inlet tube 26, which flows axially to the axial end opposite the metering installation 10, may accumulate at least partially in this extreme region of the inlet tube of exhaust gas 26, the volumetric stream of exhaust gas, which flows through the outlet openings 28, which are in this region, is at least temporarily greater than the volume stream of the exhaust gas, which flows through the outlet openings 28 from a region closer to the dosing facility.
    [048] By continuously decreasing the number of access openings 18 towards the end of the axial inner tube 6, opposite the metering installation 10, it is nevertheless achieved that the exhaust gas flowing into the inner tube 6 also flows axially to the along the entire segment provided with access openings 18, in an extremely homogeneous way, into the mixing region 8. This has a further positive effect on uniform current and pressure conditions in the mixing region 8 and thus on the mixing jet 14 with the exhaust gas.
    [049] Furthermore, by the depicted alignment of the access openings 18 and, therewith, especially of the respective discharge gas conducting elements 20, a deviation of the partial flows of discharge gas flowing through the access openings 18 in the direction of the jet main injection direction 14. Specially diverted discharge gas partial flows in the region close to the dosing facility are therefore given a certain velocity component extending in the main injection direction of the dosing facility 10. This further contributes to a homogeneous mixing of jet 14 with the discharge gas, as especially in the region close to the dosing facility there is no or only a very small deviation of jet 14.
    [050] From the inner tube 6 and finally from the housing 4 flows in axial direction, thus, a homogeneously mixed discharge gas-jet mixture to the SCR catalyst.
    [051] Fig. 3 shows, in a schematic cross-sectional representation, according to section line B-B, the mixing device of fig. 2. There, the arrangement of the inner tube 6 in the spiral-shaped housing segment 22 can be identified in particular. Due to the reduction in volume of the intermediate space between inner tube 6 and housing wall in the peripheral direction, conditioned by the spiral shape, this contributes to the fact that pressure and current conditions prevail approximately in the lateral area 8 of the inner tube located externally along the periphery. equal, whereby an adduction as uniform as possible of the discharge gas in the mixing region 8 can occur.
    [052] In fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a spiral-shaped housing segment 22 of an alternative embodiment. You can then see that the inner tube 6 is arranged in the spiral-shaped housing segment 22 in such a way that in the peripheral direction between the inner tube 6 and the housing wall a distance s is always established depending on the course of the spiral shape. Thus, between the inner tube 6 and the housing wall, seen in a peripheral direction, there is always an intermediate space and a “dead end” does not form in which the discharge gas entering could accumulate. of homogeneous current through the spiral-shaped housing segment 22. The radius of curvature of the spiral-shaped housing segment 22 behaves according to the following spiral equation:

    [053] In this equation they mean the radius of curvature, D the diameter of the inner tube 6, s the distance from the lateral area 8 of the inner tube 6 from the housing wall of the spirally shaped housing 22 and A the cross section of the inflow opening of the spiral-shaped housing.
    [054] In fig. 5, in a schematic representation, an inner tube 6 is shown in another embodiment. There are seen the access openings 18 arranged in the lateral area 16 of the inner tube 6 and the discharge gas conducting elements made in one piece in the access openings 18. The access openings 18 and the discharge gas conducting elements 20 they are "twisted outward" from an aligned course towards the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube 6 around an alignment angle α. The alignment angle α is then formed between an opening axis 36 of an exhaust gas conducting element 20 and a central longitudinal plane 38 of the inner tube 6 extending through the access opening 18 of the exhaust gas conducting element 20. this, the central longitudinal plane 38 extends, on the one hand, through the central point of the respective access opening 18 and, on the other hand, through the longitudinal central axis of the inner tube 6 and along this longitudinal central axis. When aligning the exhaust gas conducting elements 20 at an alignment angle α of less than 90°, the access openings 18 and especially the exhaust gas conducting elements 20 produce a certain deviation of the partial exhaust gas flow flowing through the access openings 18 in the direction of the main injection direction of a dosing installation 10. The alignment angle α then increases axially to the right, i.e. axially to an end opposite the dosing installation 10. The angle dimension of alignment α and especially the axial increase to the right are then especially dependent on the metering installation employed in the individual case and on the nozzle 12, as well as on the volumetric flows of discharge gas, which flow through the access openings 18 into the region of mixture 8 of the inner tube 6.
    [055] Fig. 6 shows, in a schematic longitudinal sectional representation, according to section line E-E, an enlarged cutout of the inner tube of fig. 5. The access openings arranged in the lateral area 16 of the inner tube 6 can be seen, and especially the stripping gas conducting elements 20 formed in one piece in the access openings 18. In each access opening 18, an element extends discharge gas conductor 20 in a mixing region 8 and another discharge gas conductor element 20 extends in an intermediate space between lateral area 16 of the inner tube and a housing wall of a housing 4, in which the Inner tube 6. The respectively two discharge gas conducting elements 20 of an access opening 18 are formed in such a way that, viewed from a central longitudinal axis of the inner tube 6, they visually "seal" as much as possible radially outwards. In this way, an outlet by a dosing installation 10 into a mixing region 8 formed inside the inner tube is particularly effectively prevented. The illustrated discharge gas conducting elements 20 then project at an angle of inclination β from the basic lateral area of the inner tube 6, hence from the lateral area 8 without taking into account the discharge gas conducting elements 20.
    [056] In fig. 7 are shown, in a schematic longitudinal sectional representation, various forms of execution of a discharge gas conducting element 20, which are arranged in access openings 18 of a lateral area 16 of an inner tube 6, which is mounted on a housing 4. In V1 only one discharge gas conducting element 20 is arranged in an access opening 18, which extends in an intermediate space between the side area 16 and a housing wall of housing 4. V2 shows an access opening 18, in which a discharge gas conducting element 20 is arranged, which extends in a mixing region 8 formed inside an inner tube 6. V3 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.
    [057] Fig. 8 shows in schematic longitudinal section a mixing device 2 in an alternative embodiment. There the mixing device 2 essentially corresponds to the mixing device shown in figs. 1 to 3. Differently, the distance of two neighboring outlet openings 28 of the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 increases in an axial direction towards the axial end of the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 opposite the inlet opening 24. Therefore, the number of the outlet openings 28 decreases towards the end opposite the inlet opening 24. It is thus achieved that the flue gas flow 32 flowing into the exhaust gas inlet tube 26 to flow so homogeneously. as possible into the spiral-shaped housing segment 22 along the entire segment of the discharge gas inlet tube 26 provided with outlet openings 28.
    [058] In addition, the lateral area 16 of the inner tube 6 in the region close to the metering installation has a continuous annular slit, which serves as a contour channel 40 for the discharge gas. A conductive element 42 is arranged coaxially to the dosing installation 10 and protrudes axially into the mixing region 8 of the inner tube 6. The conductive element 42 prevents an activation of the jet 14 with the partial flow of discharge gas passing through the channel. contour 40 in the region close to the dosing facility. The conductive element 42 further diverts this partial discharge gas flow in the axial main injection direction. For this purpose, the conductive element 42 is made annular and preferably symmetrical in rotation and executed in its cross section in its tapered outer area 15 towards the end opposite the dosing installation 10.
    [059] Figures 9a - 9c show, in schematic longitudinal section representations, various embodiments of a conductive element 42 and an inner tube 6 of an enlarged cutout C of fig. 8. There, on the one hand, the variously configured access openings 18 can be identified. On the other hand, the conductive elements 42 are distinctly configured especially with respect to their axial and/or radial extension.
    [060] The axial extension of the extreme region 44, opposite the metering installation 10, of the conductive element 42 shown in fig. 9b is selected relatively large. Thereby, a contact or wetting with the jet 14 of the extreme region 44 of the conductive element 42 can be established radially on the inner side, opposite the metering installation 10. A slight and/or temporary wetting of the inner wall 46 of the conductive element 42 is especially advantageous in the state traversed by the discharge gas. Due to the fact that a small part of the jet 14 adheres at least temporarily to the inner wall 46 of the conductive element 42, a certain storage of liquid is obtained. The dosing facility 10 operates, as a rule, temporarily. Thus, during non-injection periods, a "decomposition" of the liquid found in the inner wall 46 of the conductive element 42 can be obtained. This effect is favored by the fact that the conductive element 42 is thin-walled and/or heated. on the outside by the partial flow of exhaust gas flowing through the contour channel 40, so that the liquid in the wall segments of the inner wall 46 is also heated. This heat facilitates the separation effect and the decomposition effect ( secondary rupture) of the liquid droplets located on the inner side in the conductive element 42. In other words, the slight specific temporary contact of the jet 14 further favors the mixing function of the mixing device 2.
    [061] By projecting the axial extension of the conductive element 42 and especially its extreme region 44 opposite the dosing installation 10, in a constructively simple and effective way, the degree of temporary adhesion of the liquid can be adjusted. As a rule, the metering installation 10 and thus the jet angle as well as the liquid density are predetermined. These parameters influence the diffusion properties of the jet 14 as a function of the volumetric flux of exhaust gas. Should then be used a liquid with a different density and/or a dosing installation 10 with a different jet angle, then it is enough for the mixing device 2 to be adapted by varying the axial extension of the conductive element 42 and especially its extreme region 44 opposite the dosing installation 10, to adjust the effect (secondary break) described above. This makes a modular construction and/or retrofitting system possible by correspondingly selecting a conducting element 42 of the preferred axial extension. REFERENCE LIST 2 mixing device 4 housing 6 inner tube 8 mixing region 10 dosing installation 12 nozzle 14 jet 16 side area 18 access opening 20 gas conducting element 22 spiral-shaped housing segment 24 inlet opening 26 tube discharge gas inlet 28 outlet opening 30 peripheral area 32 discharge gas inflow 34 jet-gas mixture 36 opening axis 38 central longitudinal plane 40 contour channel 42 conductive element 44 extreme region 46 inner wall V1 variant 1 V2 variant 2 V3 variant 3 α alignment angle β inclination angle s distance
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Mixing device (2) for further treatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas equipment of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing (4) with an inlet opening (24) having an inlet cross section and an inner tube (6) disposed inside the housing (4) with a mixing region (8) executed inside the inner tube (6), and on a front side of the housing (4) there is a dosing installation ( 10) for the adduction of a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture (14), and the inner tube (6) then presents in its lateral area (16) access openings (18), through which the gases from discharge can be conducted into the mixing region (8), characterized in that the housing (4) has a housing segment (22) in a spiral shape, the housing segment (22) in a spiral shape. it extends at least along all access openings (18) of the inner tube (6).
    [0002]
    2. Mixing device (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that a passage cross section formed by the access openings (18) decreases towards the axial end of the inner tube (6) opposite the installation dosage (10).
    [0003]
    3. Mixing device (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of access openings (18) decreases at least partially towards the axial end of the inner tube (6) opposite the dosing installation ( 10).
    [0004]
    4. Mixing device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the access openings (18) decreases at least partially towards the axial end opposite the dosing installation (10 ).
    [0005]
    5. Mixing device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a discharge gas inlet tube (26) extends at least partially into the housing (4), the shaft The longitudinal centerline of the discharge gas inlet tube (26) and the longitudinal centerline of the inner tube (6) are aligned parallel to each other.
    [0006]
    6. Mixing device (2) according to claim 5, characterized in that the discharge gas inlet tube (26) extends inside the housing (4) at least along the housing segment (22) spiral-shaped, the discharge gas inlet tube (26) having outlet openings (28) in its peripheral area (30) extending along the spiral-shaped housing segment (22).
    [0007]
    7. Mixing device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner tube (6) is executed in the shape of a circular cylinder or in the shape of a cone.
    [0008]
    8. Mixing device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access openings (18) are provided with discharge gas conducting elements (20), which protrude from the main extension of the area side (16).
    [0009]
    9. Mixing device (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that the discharge gas conducting elements (20) extend at least to the mixing region (8).
    [0010]
    10. Mixing device (2) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the discharge gas conducting elements (20) are made in one piece in the lateral area (16) of the inner tube (6).
    [0011]
    11. Mixing device (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the projection of an opening axis (36) of the discharge gas conducting element (20) in a central longitudinal plane ( 38) of the inner tube (6), extending through the access opening (18) of the discharge gas conducting element (20), forms with the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube (6) an inclination angle (β) of 5 o to 90 o, preferably from 30 o to 50 o, especially preferably from 35 o to 40 o.
    [0012]
    12. Mixing device (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that an opening axis (36) of the discharge gas conducting element (20) forms with a central longitudinal plane (38) extending through the access opening (18) of the bare gas conducting element (20) of the inner tube (6) an alignment angle (α) of 0° to 90°, preferably of 10° to 90°, particularly preferably of 20 o to 90 o.
    [0013]
    13. Mixing device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dosing installation (10) is arranged coaxial to the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube (6).
    [0014]
    14. Mixing device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage cross section formed by the access openings (18) corresponds to 80% to 300% of the inlet cross section of the access opening. input (24), preferably 90% to 250%.
    [0015]
    15. Process for mixing a discharge gas with a liquid and/or a liquid-gas mixture, characterized in that it employs a mixing device (2) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN103573351B|2019-08-06|
    CN103573351A|2014-02-12|
    RU2013133962A|2015-01-27|
    EP2687697A3|2017-06-28|
    EP2687697A2|2014-01-22|
    RU2628849C2|2017-08-22|
    DE102012014334A1|2014-05-15|
    BR102013018004A2|2015-06-30|
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    法律状态:
    2015-06-30| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-03-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2018-03-13| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2018-03-20| B06I| Publication of requirement cancelled [chapter 6.9 patent gazette]|Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 6.6.1 NA RPI NO 2462 DE 13/03/2018 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |
    2019-08-27| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-08| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-05-04| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 15/07/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102012014334.6A|DE102012014334A1|2012-07-20|2012-07-20|Mixing device for aftertreatment of exhaust gases|
    DE102012014334.6|2012-07-20|
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